![]() ![]() However, only limited work has been done on excision repair in organisms other than E. coli, and eukaryotes have excision repair genes homologous to yeast and human genes. Genomics studies have revealed that bacteria have homologs of the excision repair genes of E. The mechanism of excision repair has been investigated in considerable detail in Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and humans. While originally discovered as a repair system for ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage, it was later shown to remove all bulky base lesions caused by carcinogens such as benzo( a)pyrene and chemotherapeutic drugs such as cisplatin. It removes DNA damage by making dual incisions bracketing the lesion to generate oligonucleotides 12 to 13 nucleotides (nt) in length in prokaryotes and 24 to 32 nt in length in eukaryotes ( 1– 3). Nucleotide excision repair (excision repair) is a universal DNA repair system in the biological world. ![]() Moreover, we find that in contrast to humans and other multicellular organisms previously studied, the XPC repair factor is required for both global and transcription-coupled repair in Drosophila. We find TCR takes place throughout the life cycle of the organism. Here, we have extended this work to Drosophila at all its developmental stages. However, by using excision repair sequencing (XR-seq) genome-wide repair mapping technology, we recently found that the Drosophila S2 cell line performs TCR comparable to human cells. This conclusion was seemingly supported by the Drosophila genome sequencing project, which revealed that Drosophila lacks a homolog to CSB, which is known to be required for TCR in mammals and yeasts. ![]() An early study reported that Drosophila lacks the transcription-coupled repair (TCR) form of nucleotide excision repair. However, there are only limited studies on nucleotide excision repair in this important model organism. Drosophila melanogaster has been extensively used as a model system to study ionizing radiation and chemical-induced mutagenesis, double-strand break repair, and recombination.
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